I posted this yesterday on the insider board and have received a few DMs asking me to repost on Growls. Doing so now. If you read the insider version you can skip. I will however make one additional point to what I wrote there. I have been asked how NIL fits into all this. The answer is what follows is an analysis of what I think the Cal administration, the Regents and a few individuals should be doing. In terms of what the fanbase should be doing, the answer is still the same. Nothing fans can do is more impactful for our program than NIL. Nothing comes close. It allows a levelling of a playing field that has been tilted against Cal for the entire modern era of football and MBB. Agree or disagree, that's not really the point of what follows.
And we're off.
THE PROBLEM
I will make a few posts outlining my thoughts on what I believe we need to change about Cal athletics to preserve the program. This first post will focus on our finances. The second will focus on the cultural/attitudinal reset I believe we desperately need within the school, the department and as fans. This will be long and largely be the ruminations of just some dude who holds no official title and occupies no position of authority within the athletic department. So proceed at your own peril.
Note this also isn't a discussion on "Why". Why do we need big time athletics at Cal? Honestly much as people want to continue to discuss whether Cal can or should operate in some sort of Xanadu West-Coast Ivy model, that boat left the dock more than a decade ago when we spent half a billion dollars to renovate the stadium. We needed to go big or go home and we went big. It has also been pointed out many times how many schools have enhanced their academic standing using athletics (primarily football but also MBB), how it drives undergraduate applications, how every study from Marts & Lundy on down has shown how impactful it is as a means of donor outreach and in driving donations to the rest of the University, etc. To say nothing of the thesis that Cal should excel at everything it does. And that includes both athletics and academics. Some aren't convinced by any of that. Fine. There are definitely counterpoints to everything I just wrote. But since these are my thoughts, I'm going to spend the time discussing how does Cal athletics survive and stay relevant and not on the why it should.
There is however at least one "why" question that I do want to tackle. It's not why do we need big time athletics at Cal. It's why we came within a hair's breadth of being relegated out of existence. As our recent near-death experience with the end of the Pac-12 fades into the rearview mirror, I believe one of our greatest risks is that we continue trying to do the same things in more or less the same way, which will create the exact same problem in three or four years. I'm already sensing less urgency around issues like the need to restructure the athletic department that were almost a given as we came within a North Carolina State vote of oblivion. We can't allow ourselves to ignore what happened and why. Because when the wheel turns again with the next round of realignment (and realignment is absolutely happening again soon) we won't be facing a "near" death experience. It will be actual death and 138 years of Cal athletics history will come to an end. On our watch.
The answer to why no conference wanted us and why we and Stanford had to struggle to find a home while far less illustrious academic institutions were warmly embraced is somewhat obvious. The answer is we have sucked in our revenue sports. We have underfunded our revenue sports for far, far too long compared to our peers and this has resulted in us . . . well sucking. That is blunt, but that's the truth. We have lost more than we have won, we have not been entertaining to watch and many of our alumni (to say nothing of more casual fans) have tuned out. We have at the same time degraded the game day experience to a significant extent (although we've made some strides in reversing that tide the band played more last week than it has in years). But fundamentally our performance stunk, our alumni tuned out and "tuning out" resulted in us being radioactive (or at least unattractive) to the television networks who pulled the strings on this last round of realignment. Gene Smith of Ohio State has noted that realignment is about two things and two things only: Football and money (which are really the same thing when you get down to it). We failed to invest in football, we pursued other priorities and as a result this round of realignment almost cost us everything.
To be clear, I absolutely do not believe that anyone in our administration has wanted us to suck at football (at least since Chancellor Tien - still have some doubts about why he did what he did to Bruce Snyder). Our current administration would of course be completely delighted if Cal would win the conference and go to the Rose Bowl. It would tremendously burnish their reputations and legacy and result in the secondary and tertiary benefits I outlined above. But wanting something and doing everything it takes to achieve it are not the same thing.
So why did we underfund our revenue sports? Well to be fair, I think our administration would dispute that's what has happened. They would note that Cal has devoted significant financial resources toward sports in general. And that is objectively true. The $20m - $30m annual subsidy from the Chancellor, taking half of the stadium debt off the department's books, etc. are all meaningful and significant and appreciated. But I would note that these were investments in athletics in general, not just in football in particular. I'd also note we aren't operating in a vacuum. That the $20m - $30m annual subsidy from the university is not out of line with what other public flagships are doing. Cal is not doing something outsized there. From everything I've been able to uncover it actually seems we may even be on the low side. Is it good for universities to do this? Well across America schools have decided it is a good thing in terms of engagement and donations and the other factors I mentioned above. But again, that's a discussion for another post. The bottom line is we have maintained a larger number of teams and a larger number of athletic scholarships than virtually any other public school in the country. Instead of having as broad an athletic program our conference peers chose to invest their resources in their football programs, specifically. It's as simple as that. Too much of the football revenue we have generated at Cal has gone to fund the athletic department and too little has gone to football itself and the results speak for themselves.
While we were spending $23m to operate football at Cal, Utah was spending $33m. And Utah went to the Rose Bowl and we . . . did not. With two full-time staff members we run the smallest recruiting department for football in the Pac-12. By far. Justin Wilcox is well-compensated, but we have historically had one of the smallest assistant coaches salary pools (certainly taking into account cost of living), which honestly is how we wound up with Bill Musgrave. We found an OC we could afford, not the one we needed. Our social media investment is miniscule compared to our peers. And above it all, our administration has to spend time overseeing 30 sports giving us huge administrative overhead expenses and the things our revenue sports need get delayed and attention gets diverted. And guess what? All of this is going to get worse, and all of these distinctions are going to be more pronounced vis--vis our peers, when we move to the ACC. We arguably have needed a fresh start for a very long time in football and MBB but we desperately need it now if we plan to compete in the ACC and win enough games and build enough of a television audience with enough fan support so Cal will not be on the outside looking in the next time the realignment roulette wheel spins. Which, as I said, virtually every observer who has written about the topic (to say nothing of all the myriad coaches and administrators who have proffered opinions) have said absolutely will happen before the end of this decade.
THE NUMBERS
Some numbers to keep in mind. And I'm going to speak in round numbers here so let's not get caught up in whether something is $20m or $18m. For purposes of this discussion that level of precision doesn't matter. What matters is what we have and what we need and directionally what I'm about to write is accurate enough for purposes of this "problem/solution" analysis.
What we have is a $120m problem. That is the approximate current size of running the Cal athletic department annually. Jon Wilner from the Mercury news has reported on this extensively. I think Cal athletics receives approximately $23m in direct assistance from the Chancellor which is booked as revenue (note in 2022 this was allegedly $31m according to Wilner but there may have been some one-time costs in there. I don't know). I often hear the direct campus subsidy described as a "$20m annually" with a goal of driving it down to $13m over time. Bottom line it's a lot.
On media revenue the near-term revenue hit to Cal (while it is receiving only 30% of Tier 1 revenue) from joining the ACC compared to what it got from the Pac 12 is going to be about $20m annually.
So to recap:
So $20m less revenue annually from the media deal and the need to spend $25m more (at least) including travel paints an ugly picture. A $45m gap. And that of course assumes that the subsidy from Central Campus of $20m to $30m stays the same under the next Chancellor. Without that things are much uglier. All without taking into account any buyouts we may need to come up with to replace personnel or the significant investments our fans need to make in NIL.
In a word: Yikes.
THE SOLUTION
So that's the problem as I see it. Both historical and present. Which begs the question of what is the solution. What do we need to do? We collectively spend far too much talking about how awful things are and our problems and candidly it's tiresome and nihilistic. So I would like to talk about the path forward instead.
I think Cal athletics needs to do three things to survive. None of these are easy. None of these are pleasant (with the exception of forcing the song stealers from UCLA to pay a Calimony penalty for trying to murder our athletic department). But I believe they all are absolutely necessary if we want to survive and must be done now.
1. Calimony payment from UCLA. This entire debacle was caused by UCLA and by the Regents acceding to their request to leave Cal and the other members of the Pac-12 to join the Big 10. Had the Pac-12 been able to preserve the LA media market (by keeping UCLA even as it lost USC) while it negotiated its new distribution deal things would have come out differently. Let's not fool ourselves. The LA media market is the second largest media market in the country. It is more than 2x the Pac-12's next largest media market (the Bay Area). Losing that market was never going to end well or even acceptably for a conference trying to ink a new media deal. I screamed from every rooftop that the conference was dead the moment UCLA and USC announced and that prediction unfortunately proved 100% correct.
So how much Calimony should the Regents give us? As a refresher when the Regents approved UCLA's move they set the range as $2m-$10m (with $10m being a very late addition thrown in almost as they were adjourning given the uncertainty on the damage this move was going to inflict on the system's flagship). It was also unclear at the time if this was meant to be an annual payment or just a one-time payment, although "one-time" doesn't make sense in this context. The media payments are annual so the subsidy needs to be annual as well. This was left open while the Regents awaited what George Kliavkoff could come up with for the Pac-12. Well that answer is now in and unfortunately $10m annually is only a down payment on the damage UCLA wrought.
So what should the Regents do? In a perfect world given who did what to whom they would take all the money that Cal is getting from the ACC add it to all the money UCLA is getting from the Big 10, divide that total in half and give each school that amount. So $65m from the Big10 for UCLA and $15m from the ACC for Cal would mean each school would get $40m annually. And please spare me the sputtering outrage of those who think everything that went down is Cal's "fault" and this would be unjust. Yes, Cal made mistakes. It's most egregious one being underfunding its football program to the extent it was uncompetitive. As I've noted, Utah wins a lot more than Cal because Utah spends a lot more than Cal on football. But this mistake isn't the proximate cause of this fiscal train wreck. What caused this was UCLA slinking off in the dead of night and leaving Cal and the rest of the conference holding the bag. So this revenue split is not only "fair" it is right. We aren't stealing UCLA's windfall for ourselves. The University of California system (and it is indeed one system) is redistributing the revenue essentially stolen from Cal by UCLA.
Now, it doesn't really make any difference how this happens. If the Regents want to say UCLA can keep all of the money but we (the Regents) are going to give Cal an equivalent amount then that's fine. Super unlikely, but fine. If the Regents want to say UCLA can keep all the money from the Big 10 but we are going to cut how much money we (the Regents) allocate to UCLA by a set amount and allocate those funds to Cal, then that's fine too. Cash is fungible and I'm not arguing that both UCLA and Cal should be starved of the revenue required to successfully run their programs in competitive conferences. What I'm arguing is that UCLA can't cause harm to Cal and keep all the benefits while Cal suffers all the harm.
Do I think this will happen? Not really. It would be a pretty gutsy move and pretty out of keeping with what the Regents have done in this sphere to date. But I think it would be just and put both campuses of the system on an even footing. And then they both can figure out how to make up their funding shortfalls and make the needed investments. But at a minimum I think Cal should get the $10m annual Calimony payments the Regents specified. If anything, the financial situation with the media payments for Cal compared to UCLA are much, much worse than what we all thought possible when they specified that range. So if Cal getting $15m annually in media money and UCLA getting $65m annually doesn't call for the full subsidy, then I can't imagine what would. But even at $10m that's nowhere near making up for the $45m annual gap I outlined above. We need more. And on that note . . .
2. Major Donors. I don't realistically think Cal can find a way out of this fiscal hole without getting some serious help from major donors. And here I'm not talking about five or six figure checks. SMU just raised $100m from 30 donors to make up for their 0% Tier 1 revenue share (compared to Cal and Stanford's 30%) from the ACC over the next nine years. It's super impressive and we need a similar commitment from our donor base who frankly has many multiples of the wealth of SMU's. Back of the envelope, I think Cal should aim for $20m annually (more on whether that's realistic below). If they could get more, great. But this probably requires multiple people writing $5m + checks. Will they? Well they absolutely can but I'll say at the outset I am loathe to tell anyone how to spend their own money. These folks are some of the wealthiest people on the planet and they have constant demands on their time and money. And many of them could care less about athletics. But some of them care deeply about athletics and have invested $10's of millions in Cal athletics already (to say nothing of what they've done for the University). And unlike many other schools, at Cal these folks have not been involved in funding our NIL to date for a variety of personal reasons. That's totally their call and I don't begrudge them for making that decision for a second. But I would hope that a few of these folks who deeply love Cal athletics and have the means would be willing to join in this fight to make sure Cal athletics not only survives but thrives. And that all of their prior donations won't have been wasted.
Here I take some comfort from the fact that Carol Christ and Jim Knowlton have both proven to be excellent fundraisers and we are raising more money for the University in general and athletics in particular than ever. But we're not talking here about naming a stadium or a plaza. We are talking about getting people to write $5m checks to pay for OPERATING expenses. Something we've never fundraised for at these levels. And we are asking them to do this while our football team finds new and incredibly frustrating ways to lose every week and our trajectory in football is (kindly) "uncertain." To say it's a tall order would be to dramatically undersell the challenge. So Cal can and should aim for $20m. But realistically? I'd expect $10m to be a stretch and delighted if we could raise $15m annually for the next several years. Obviously if they knock the cover off the ball and raise like $50m annually we can ignore the next section, but I have no reason to believe that is how this is going to go down.
3. Get endowments, cut sports or increase central campus support. So let's recap where we are. By my calculations we have a $45m (minimum) shortfall in athletic funding without talking about buy-outs or any other one time costs if we want our athletic department to survive beyond the next few years. We can (optimistically) expect to get $10m in Calimony from the Regents annually. We can (super optimistically) find a way to fundraise $15m annually for operating costs. So that leaves a minimum of a $20m shortfall. $20m is not a small number. It's 1/6 of our entire current budget. And, again, totally ignores the need for major capital improvements or buy-outs. So what else do we need to do?
Cal runs 30 sports. No other public school in our (soon to be defunct) conference runs 30 sports. Our sister school UCLA has 25. University of Washington has 21. Oregon has 20. Arizona has 20. Utah has 19. Colorado has 17. Even USC with their almost infinite endowment only runs 23. Stanford has a lot but they just tried to cut sports and suffer from the same under-investment and under-performance issues in football as we do. You see a pattern here? Why is this? BECAUSE NO ONE CAN AFFORD IT!!!! You have to look at "athletics first" schools like Michigan and Ohio State with their massive budgets to see any public school running something the size of our athletic department and even Michigan with 2x our budget and revenue only fields 29 sports. What we are doing is simply unaffordable and the root of so many of our myriad woes. We are trying to compete in Formula One with a budget equivalent to the local Go Kart racers. Want more? Washington had $145m in revenue where we had $118m. Washington has 21 sports to fund and we have 30. Washington's football team will likely play in the CFP, because they have invested in football, they received an invitation to join the Big 10 and we . . . won't and didn't. Is any of this a mystery? Hard to understand? Well it shouldn't be. Our competitors have higher revenue (soon to be dramatically higher) and dramatically lower overhead expenses than us. And they have as a result created a quality product that consumers want to buy and we haven't. What we are doing is unaffordable and our insistence on following this trajectory has almost destroyed our entire athletic program, and very soon may do exactly that if we don't change.
So absent additional campus support, a number of our non-revenue sports need to either get fully endowed or demoted to club status. Will say at the outset that the entire prospect of cutting multiple sports is a gut punch to me personally. I am proud that Cal has 30 sports. I love that we are able to give some form of scholarship to 900 athletes, what that means for the diversity of the university and how many students have an opportunity at a world-class education and a better life because of our athletic department. I only agreed to create this NIL gig for Cal with the explicit understanding that it would be a big tent and for all of our student athletes. But at some point folks we need to wake up and smell the napalm. As mentioned above there are no P5/P4 public schools (excepting Ohio State which has a budget more than 2x ours) who tries to operate 30 varsity teams. I love our sports program but I can read an income statement and what we have done does not work and our efforts to do so have almost destroyed us. And if we continue on this path instead of having 20 sports (or whatever) we will wind up with zero. This is triage and sometimes hard decisions have to be made to save the patient. This is one of them.
Despite what I just wrote, I should note that there are a few Deus Ex Machina solutions that don't involve cutting sports. They involve getting a bunch of money from donors (above the $15m in donations for football I said we need) to endow sports or Central Campus (which already is strained and has a large structural deficit) increasing its annual subsidy. These are very tough and seem to me the least likely of all the aggressive and difficult moves outlined above. But the time has come to take tough actions and if we want to preserve these programs these options are at least on the table.
On endowments, most of you recall that Cal tried to cut a bunch of sports over a decade ago and it was a trainwreck. All of those sports were preserved because of the hue and cry raised by certain influential donors and efforts commenced to raise funds to get them endowed. But my understanding is that none of these teams has yet hit this objective although a few have gotten close. But I am also uncertain for the men's sports in particular that Cal has correctly applied the right endowment filter. Fully endowed going forward has to mean for the non-revenue men's teams that they raise enough to pay for 100% of their operating expenses annually (including scholarships and whatever it takes to operate their facilities), to pay for an equivalent number of women's scholarships and that team's operating expenses to comply with Title IX, and to pay their pro rata share of the administrative expenses in operating our slimmed-down athletic department.
I know that sounds daunting and harsh. That sounds like a huge burden to put on these teams (which as far as I understand it none has yet hit). But the point, as I've spent the last several pages outlining, has to be that these sports have to stop taking money earned by football to fund themselves. Football money needs to be spent on football and on enough women's teams to comply with Title IX. We can no longer afford for football money to be diverted to men's teams or to anything else. If we continue to do that, I firmly believe we will lose it all. Both football and all our men's teams and all our women's teams. Again, this is a bitter pill but we need to make a cold-eyed assessment of the world we live in and follow the path every other university has already taken. We can no longer afford to be an outlier. Unless . . .
Our Chancellor could decide that the value of our broad-based athletic department is worth the cost. We want to have 30 sports. We want all of these sports to survive. We think this is part of our DNA and we will stop robbing Peter (football) to pay Paul (everyone else) to make that happen. In that case, the Chancellor could decide to actually INCREASE the direct support to athletics out of the Central Campus fund. I mentioned above that the current amount the Chancellor is subsidizing athletics hovers in the $20m-$30m range right now (with a long-term goal of reducing it to $13m). What if the Chancellor decides that number should be $40m? $50m? Then this final gap can be closed. I'm not necessarily advocating for this approach and I know there are many demands on the campus' money. But we don't ask the history department to raise money for the geology department. We think having a geology department is good. It's part of our mission. So we pay for that. Similarly, we can pay for track and field and men's gymnastics rather than asking football to fund them. There's no inescapable logic of making football pay for all these other sports (other than what is strictly needed under Title IX). It's time to stop doing that.
If any of you actually made it to the end of this, I salute you. I wrote all of this to share with certain members of our administration as part of my Quixotic quest to have Cal change its approach to athletics. I hope those who read it found at least some of it illuminating. Bottom line, we need to invest more in football. Hopefully recent events have conclusively demonstrated the risks to our entire athletic department in not doing so. But if we can make these changes and embrace these opportunities I don't believe there's anything we can't do together. Cal should be excellent at everything it does. And that should include sports.
And we're off.
THE PROBLEM
I will make a few posts outlining my thoughts on what I believe we need to change about Cal athletics to preserve the program. This first post will focus on our finances. The second will focus on the cultural/attitudinal reset I believe we desperately need within the school, the department and as fans. This will be long and largely be the ruminations of just some dude who holds no official title and occupies no position of authority within the athletic department. So proceed at your own peril.
Note this also isn't a discussion on "Why". Why do we need big time athletics at Cal? Honestly much as people want to continue to discuss whether Cal can or should operate in some sort of Xanadu West-Coast Ivy model, that boat left the dock more than a decade ago when we spent half a billion dollars to renovate the stadium. We needed to go big or go home and we went big. It has also been pointed out many times how many schools have enhanced their academic standing using athletics (primarily football but also MBB), how it drives undergraduate applications, how every study from Marts & Lundy on down has shown how impactful it is as a means of donor outreach and in driving donations to the rest of the University, etc. To say nothing of the thesis that Cal should excel at everything it does. And that includes both athletics and academics. Some aren't convinced by any of that. Fine. There are definitely counterpoints to everything I just wrote. But since these are my thoughts, I'm going to spend the time discussing how does Cal athletics survive and stay relevant and not on the why it should.
There is however at least one "why" question that I do want to tackle. It's not why do we need big time athletics at Cal. It's why we came within a hair's breadth of being relegated out of existence. As our recent near-death experience with the end of the Pac-12 fades into the rearview mirror, I believe one of our greatest risks is that we continue trying to do the same things in more or less the same way, which will create the exact same problem in three or four years. I'm already sensing less urgency around issues like the need to restructure the athletic department that were almost a given as we came within a North Carolina State vote of oblivion. We can't allow ourselves to ignore what happened and why. Because when the wheel turns again with the next round of realignment (and realignment is absolutely happening again soon) we won't be facing a "near" death experience. It will be actual death and 138 years of Cal athletics history will come to an end. On our watch.
The answer to why no conference wanted us and why we and Stanford had to struggle to find a home while far less illustrious academic institutions were warmly embraced is somewhat obvious. The answer is we have sucked in our revenue sports. We have underfunded our revenue sports for far, far too long compared to our peers and this has resulted in us . . . well sucking. That is blunt, but that's the truth. We have lost more than we have won, we have not been entertaining to watch and many of our alumni (to say nothing of more casual fans) have tuned out. We have at the same time degraded the game day experience to a significant extent (although we've made some strides in reversing that tide the band played more last week than it has in years). But fundamentally our performance stunk, our alumni tuned out and "tuning out" resulted in us being radioactive (or at least unattractive) to the television networks who pulled the strings on this last round of realignment. Gene Smith of Ohio State has noted that realignment is about two things and two things only: Football and money (which are really the same thing when you get down to it). We failed to invest in football, we pursued other priorities and as a result this round of realignment almost cost us everything.
To be clear, I absolutely do not believe that anyone in our administration has wanted us to suck at football (at least since Chancellor Tien - still have some doubts about why he did what he did to Bruce Snyder). Our current administration would of course be completely delighted if Cal would win the conference and go to the Rose Bowl. It would tremendously burnish their reputations and legacy and result in the secondary and tertiary benefits I outlined above. But wanting something and doing everything it takes to achieve it are not the same thing.
So why did we underfund our revenue sports? Well to be fair, I think our administration would dispute that's what has happened. They would note that Cal has devoted significant financial resources toward sports in general. And that is objectively true. The $20m - $30m annual subsidy from the Chancellor, taking half of the stadium debt off the department's books, etc. are all meaningful and significant and appreciated. But I would note that these were investments in athletics in general, not just in football in particular. I'd also note we aren't operating in a vacuum. That the $20m - $30m annual subsidy from the university is not out of line with what other public flagships are doing. Cal is not doing something outsized there. From everything I've been able to uncover it actually seems we may even be on the low side. Is it good for universities to do this? Well across America schools have decided it is a good thing in terms of engagement and donations and the other factors I mentioned above. But again, that's a discussion for another post. The bottom line is we have maintained a larger number of teams and a larger number of athletic scholarships than virtually any other public school in the country. Instead of having as broad an athletic program our conference peers chose to invest their resources in their football programs, specifically. It's as simple as that. Too much of the football revenue we have generated at Cal has gone to fund the athletic department and too little has gone to football itself and the results speak for themselves.
While we were spending $23m to operate football at Cal, Utah was spending $33m. And Utah went to the Rose Bowl and we . . . did not. With two full-time staff members we run the smallest recruiting department for football in the Pac-12. By far. Justin Wilcox is well-compensated, but we have historically had one of the smallest assistant coaches salary pools (certainly taking into account cost of living), which honestly is how we wound up with Bill Musgrave. We found an OC we could afford, not the one we needed. Our social media investment is miniscule compared to our peers. And above it all, our administration has to spend time overseeing 30 sports giving us huge administrative overhead expenses and the things our revenue sports need get delayed and attention gets diverted. And guess what? All of this is going to get worse, and all of these distinctions are going to be more pronounced vis--vis our peers, when we move to the ACC. We arguably have needed a fresh start for a very long time in football and MBB but we desperately need it now if we plan to compete in the ACC and win enough games and build enough of a television audience with enough fan support so Cal will not be on the outside looking in the next time the realignment roulette wheel spins. Which, as I said, virtually every observer who has written about the topic (to say nothing of all the myriad coaches and administrators who have proffered opinions) have said absolutely will happen before the end of this decade.
THE NUMBERS
Some numbers to keep in mind. And I'm going to speak in round numbers here so let's not get caught up in whether something is $20m or $18m. For purposes of this discussion that level of precision doesn't matter. What matters is what we have and what we need and directionally what I'm about to write is accurate enough for purposes of this "problem/solution" analysis.
What we have is a $120m problem. That is the approximate current size of running the Cal athletic department annually. Jon Wilner from the Mercury news has reported on this extensively. I think Cal athletics receives approximately $23m in direct assistance from the Chancellor which is booked as revenue (note in 2022 this was allegedly $31m according to Wilner but there may have been some one-time costs in there. I don't know). I often hear the direct campus subsidy described as a "$20m annually" with a goal of driving it down to $13m over time. Bottom line it's a lot.
On media revenue the near-term revenue hit to Cal (while it is receiving only 30% of Tier 1 revenue) from joining the ACC compared to what it got from the Pac 12 is going to be about $20m annually.
So to recap:
- We are losing $20m annually in media revenue.
- We have chronically underinvested in football and that underinvestment is what just about killed off everything. Meaning if we are moving forward (and we are) we need to spend more on football. How much more? Back of the envelope, I would calculate we need to spend about $15m more annually on football operations to become competitive and position us so we aren't left out in the next round of realignment. This number is soft but it's my best (educated) estimate.
- We are about to face increased travel costs of joining the ACC of somewhere around $10m annually.
So $20m less revenue annually from the media deal and the need to spend $25m more (at least) including travel paints an ugly picture. A $45m gap. And that of course assumes that the subsidy from Central Campus of $20m to $30m stays the same under the next Chancellor. Without that things are much uglier. All without taking into account any buyouts we may need to come up with to replace personnel or the significant investments our fans need to make in NIL.
In a word: Yikes.
THE SOLUTION
So that's the problem as I see it. Both historical and present. Which begs the question of what is the solution. What do we need to do? We collectively spend far too much talking about how awful things are and our problems and candidly it's tiresome and nihilistic. So I would like to talk about the path forward instead.
I think Cal athletics needs to do three things to survive. None of these are easy. None of these are pleasant (with the exception of forcing the song stealers from UCLA to pay a Calimony penalty for trying to murder our athletic department). But I believe they all are absolutely necessary if we want to survive and must be done now.
1. Calimony payment from UCLA. This entire debacle was caused by UCLA and by the Regents acceding to their request to leave Cal and the other members of the Pac-12 to join the Big 10. Had the Pac-12 been able to preserve the LA media market (by keeping UCLA even as it lost USC) while it negotiated its new distribution deal things would have come out differently. Let's not fool ourselves. The LA media market is the second largest media market in the country. It is more than 2x the Pac-12's next largest media market (the Bay Area). Losing that market was never going to end well or even acceptably for a conference trying to ink a new media deal. I screamed from every rooftop that the conference was dead the moment UCLA and USC announced and that prediction unfortunately proved 100% correct.
So how much Calimony should the Regents give us? As a refresher when the Regents approved UCLA's move they set the range as $2m-$10m (with $10m being a very late addition thrown in almost as they were adjourning given the uncertainty on the damage this move was going to inflict on the system's flagship). It was also unclear at the time if this was meant to be an annual payment or just a one-time payment, although "one-time" doesn't make sense in this context. The media payments are annual so the subsidy needs to be annual as well. This was left open while the Regents awaited what George Kliavkoff could come up with for the Pac-12. Well that answer is now in and unfortunately $10m annually is only a down payment on the damage UCLA wrought.
So what should the Regents do? In a perfect world given who did what to whom they would take all the money that Cal is getting from the ACC add it to all the money UCLA is getting from the Big 10, divide that total in half and give each school that amount. So $65m from the Big10 for UCLA and $15m from the ACC for Cal would mean each school would get $40m annually. And please spare me the sputtering outrage of those who think everything that went down is Cal's "fault" and this would be unjust. Yes, Cal made mistakes. It's most egregious one being underfunding its football program to the extent it was uncompetitive. As I've noted, Utah wins a lot more than Cal because Utah spends a lot more than Cal on football. But this mistake isn't the proximate cause of this fiscal train wreck. What caused this was UCLA slinking off in the dead of night and leaving Cal and the rest of the conference holding the bag. So this revenue split is not only "fair" it is right. We aren't stealing UCLA's windfall for ourselves. The University of California system (and it is indeed one system) is redistributing the revenue essentially stolen from Cal by UCLA.
Now, it doesn't really make any difference how this happens. If the Regents want to say UCLA can keep all of the money but we (the Regents) are going to give Cal an equivalent amount then that's fine. Super unlikely, but fine. If the Regents want to say UCLA can keep all the money from the Big 10 but we are going to cut how much money we (the Regents) allocate to UCLA by a set amount and allocate those funds to Cal, then that's fine too. Cash is fungible and I'm not arguing that both UCLA and Cal should be starved of the revenue required to successfully run their programs in competitive conferences. What I'm arguing is that UCLA can't cause harm to Cal and keep all the benefits while Cal suffers all the harm.
Do I think this will happen? Not really. It would be a pretty gutsy move and pretty out of keeping with what the Regents have done in this sphere to date. But I think it would be just and put both campuses of the system on an even footing. And then they both can figure out how to make up their funding shortfalls and make the needed investments. But at a minimum I think Cal should get the $10m annual Calimony payments the Regents specified. If anything, the financial situation with the media payments for Cal compared to UCLA are much, much worse than what we all thought possible when they specified that range. So if Cal getting $15m annually in media money and UCLA getting $65m annually doesn't call for the full subsidy, then I can't imagine what would. But even at $10m that's nowhere near making up for the $45m annual gap I outlined above. We need more. And on that note . . .
2. Major Donors. I don't realistically think Cal can find a way out of this fiscal hole without getting some serious help from major donors. And here I'm not talking about five or six figure checks. SMU just raised $100m from 30 donors to make up for their 0% Tier 1 revenue share (compared to Cal and Stanford's 30%) from the ACC over the next nine years. It's super impressive and we need a similar commitment from our donor base who frankly has many multiples of the wealth of SMU's. Back of the envelope, I think Cal should aim for $20m annually (more on whether that's realistic below). If they could get more, great. But this probably requires multiple people writing $5m + checks. Will they? Well they absolutely can but I'll say at the outset I am loathe to tell anyone how to spend their own money. These folks are some of the wealthiest people on the planet and they have constant demands on their time and money. And many of them could care less about athletics. But some of them care deeply about athletics and have invested $10's of millions in Cal athletics already (to say nothing of what they've done for the University). And unlike many other schools, at Cal these folks have not been involved in funding our NIL to date for a variety of personal reasons. That's totally their call and I don't begrudge them for making that decision for a second. But I would hope that a few of these folks who deeply love Cal athletics and have the means would be willing to join in this fight to make sure Cal athletics not only survives but thrives. And that all of their prior donations won't have been wasted.
Here I take some comfort from the fact that Carol Christ and Jim Knowlton have both proven to be excellent fundraisers and we are raising more money for the University in general and athletics in particular than ever. But we're not talking here about naming a stadium or a plaza. We are talking about getting people to write $5m checks to pay for OPERATING expenses. Something we've never fundraised for at these levels. And we are asking them to do this while our football team finds new and incredibly frustrating ways to lose every week and our trajectory in football is (kindly) "uncertain." To say it's a tall order would be to dramatically undersell the challenge. So Cal can and should aim for $20m. But realistically? I'd expect $10m to be a stretch and delighted if we could raise $15m annually for the next several years. Obviously if they knock the cover off the ball and raise like $50m annually we can ignore the next section, but I have no reason to believe that is how this is going to go down.
3. Get endowments, cut sports or increase central campus support. So let's recap where we are. By my calculations we have a $45m (minimum) shortfall in athletic funding without talking about buy-outs or any other one time costs if we want our athletic department to survive beyond the next few years. We can (optimistically) expect to get $10m in Calimony from the Regents annually. We can (super optimistically) find a way to fundraise $15m annually for operating costs. So that leaves a minimum of a $20m shortfall. $20m is not a small number. It's 1/6 of our entire current budget. And, again, totally ignores the need for major capital improvements or buy-outs. So what else do we need to do?
Cal runs 30 sports. No other public school in our (soon to be defunct) conference runs 30 sports. Our sister school UCLA has 25. University of Washington has 21. Oregon has 20. Arizona has 20. Utah has 19. Colorado has 17. Even USC with their almost infinite endowment only runs 23. Stanford has a lot but they just tried to cut sports and suffer from the same under-investment and under-performance issues in football as we do. You see a pattern here? Why is this? BECAUSE NO ONE CAN AFFORD IT!!!! You have to look at "athletics first" schools like Michigan and Ohio State with their massive budgets to see any public school running something the size of our athletic department and even Michigan with 2x our budget and revenue only fields 29 sports. What we are doing is simply unaffordable and the root of so many of our myriad woes. We are trying to compete in Formula One with a budget equivalent to the local Go Kart racers. Want more? Washington had $145m in revenue where we had $118m. Washington has 21 sports to fund and we have 30. Washington's football team will likely play in the CFP, because they have invested in football, they received an invitation to join the Big 10 and we . . . won't and didn't. Is any of this a mystery? Hard to understand? Well it shouldn't be. Our competitors have higher revenue (soon to be dramatically higher) and dramatically lower overhead expenses than us. And they have as a result created a quality product that consumers want to buy and we haven't. What we are doing is unaffordable and our insistence on following this trajectory has almost destroyed our entire athletic program, and very soon may do exactly that if we don't change.
So absent additional campus support, a number of our non-revenue sports need to either get fully endowed or demoted to club status. Will say at the outset that the entire prospect of cutting multiple sports is a gut punch to me personally. I am proud that Cal has 30 sports. I love that we are able to give some form of scholarship to 900 athletes, what that means for the diversity of the university and how many students have an opportunity at a world-class education and a better life because of our athletic department. I only agreed to create this NIL gig for Cal with the explicit understanding that it would be a big tent and for all of our student athletes. But at some point folks we need to wake up and smell the napalm. As mentioned above there are no P5/P4 public schools (excepting Ohio State which has a budget more than 2x ours) who tries to operate 30 varsity teams. I love our sports program but I can read an income statement and what we have done does not work and our efforts to do so have almost destroyed us. And if we continue on this path instead of having 20 sports (or whatever) we will wind up with zero. This is triage and sometimes hard decisions have to be made to save the patient. This is one of them.
Despite what I just wrote, I should note that there are a few Deus Ex Machina solutions that don't involve cutting sports. They involve getting a bunch of money from donors (above the $15m in donations for football I said we need) to endow sports or Central Campus (which already is strained and has a large structural deficit) increasing its annual subsidy. These are very tough and seem to me the least likely of all the aggressive and difficult moves outlined above. But the time has come to take tough actions and if we want to preserve these programs these options are at least on the table.
On endowments, most of you recall that Cal tried to cut a bunch of sports over a decade ago and it was a trainwreck. All of those sports were preserved because of the hue and cry raised by certain influential donors and efforts commenced to raise funds to get them endowed. But my understanding is that none of these teams has yet hit this objective although a few have gotten close. But I am also uncertain for the men's sports in particular that Cal has correctly applied the right endowment filter. Fully endowed going forward has to mean for the non-revenue men's teams that they raise enough to pay for 100% of their operating expenses annually (including scholarships and whatever it takes to operate their facilities), to pay for an equivalent number of women's scholarships and that team's operating expenses to comply with Title IX, and to pay their pro rata share of the administrative expenses in operating our slimmed-down athletic department.
I know that sounds daunting and harsh. That sounds like a huge burden to put on these teams (which as far as I understand it none has yet hit). But the point, as I've spent the last several pages outlining, has to be that these sports have to stop taking money earned by football to fund themselves. Football money needs to be spent on football and on enough women's teams to comply with Title IX. We can no longer afford for football money to be diverted to men's teams or to anything else. If we continue to do that, I firmly believe we will lose it all. Both football and all our men's teams and all our women's teams. Again, this is a bitter pill but we need to make a cold-eyed assessment of the world we live in and follow the path every other university has already taken. We can no longer afford to be an outlier. Unless . . .
Our Chancellor could decide that the value of our broad-based athletic department is worth the cost. We want to have 30 sports. We want all of these sports to survive. We think this is part of our DNA and we will stop robbing Peter (football) to pay Paul (everyone else) to make that happen. In that case, the Chancellor could decide to actually INCREASE the direct support to athletics out of the Central Campus fund. I mentioned above that the current amount the Chancellor is subsidizing athletics hovers in the $20m-$30m range right now (with a long-term goal of reducing it to $13m). What if the Chancellor decides that number should be $40m? $50m? Then this final gap can be closed. I'm not necessarily advocating for this approach and I know there are many demands on the campus' money. But we don't ask the history department to raise money for the geology department. We think having a geology department is good. It's part of our mission. So we pay for that. Similarly, we can pay for track and field and men's gymnastics rather than asking football to fund them. There's no inescapable logic of making football pay for all these other sports (other than what is strictly needed under Title IX). It's time to stop doing that.
If any of you actually made it to the end of this, I salute you. I wrote all of this to share with certain members of our administration as part of my Quixotic quest to have Cal change its approach to athletics. I hope those who read it found at least some of it illuminating. Bottom line, we need to invest more in football. Hopefully recent events have conclusively demonstrated the risks to our entire athletic department in not doing so. But if we can make these changes and embrace these opportunities I don't believe there's anything we can't do together. Cal should be excellent at everything it does. And that should include sports.